Windmill.



V. PALMER.

WINDMILL.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 20, 1913;

' Patented Mar. 2, 1915.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1.

a n pvnfoz 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Patented Mar. 2, 1915.

V, T. PALMER. WINDMILL. APPLICATION FILED MARfW), 1913.

vMum 'IIIIIIA "IIIIIIIVIIII menses.

VERNE T. PALMER, 0F TUSCAROBA, NEW YORK.

WINDMILL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 2, 1915..

Application filed March 20, ms.- Serial No. 755,766.

To e66 whom it may concern Be it known that 1, Venue T. PALMER, acitizen of the United States, residing at Tuscarora, in the county ofLivingston and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Windmills, of which the following is a specification.

The object of this invention is to provide a new and improved form ofwindmill.

Another object of my invention is to provide an improved wind wheel forthe windmill, the blades or sails of'which will automatically feather soas to keep. the wheel rotating at-a somewhat uniform angular velocitywhen the wind is blowing at a variable velocity.

Another object of my invention is to provide an improved mounting forthe mechanism of the windmill.

Another object of my invention is to provide an improved adjustmentforthe vane of the windmill by which the windmill may be thrown into or outof operation.

These and other objects of my invention will be fully illustrated in thedrawings, described in the specification and pointed out in the claimsat the end thereof.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of myimproved Windmill shown partly in section, the section being taken onthe line 1*1 of Fig. 2. Fig. 2

is a top plan view of my improved windmill.

Fig. 3 is a detail view of the mechanism for adjusting the vane. Fig. 4is a detail view snowing the shaft and the sails of the Windmill withthe speed regulator therefor.

Fig. 5 is a detail view of the disk 2 shown in Fig. 4.

In the drawings, reference numeral 1 indicates the shaft on which thewheel rotates and by which the power of the Wheel is transmitted. On theshaft is mounted a hollow hub or bearing box 2. This hub consists of acircular shell 2 and an end disk 2 which are separate from each otherand are fitted together to form the complete hub or bearing box. A disk2 is provided with a hub or boss 2 which is perforated at suitableintervals for set screws by which it may be clamped to the shaft toprevent longitudinal movement along the shaft. The disk 2 is providedwith suitable lugs 2 which engage with corresponding recesses in theshell 2", in the end of the shell 24 by which the parts are heldtogether in the proper angular relation, during the rotation.

The disk 2 is perforated at suitable intervals with the openings 2 onthe opposite sides of which are the lugs 2; these openings extend thegovernor arms 3, these arms being pivotally mounted at 2 between thelugs 2 Each of these arms has a weight 4: on the outer end thereof andon the nearer end, each of these arms is provided with asleeve 5 mountedthereon, which sleeve is adapted'to slide-in and out at the end of thearm. Each of these sleeves 5 terminates in a flat blade 6 having asquare opening therein for purpose that will presently be described.

' Mounted to slide upon the shaft 1 is the sleeve 7 which may be clampedin place by the set screw 8. 'On this sleeve are suitable Through lugs 9to which are fastened tension springs 10, one of these springs beingprovided for each of the governor arms 3. The outer ends of the springsare fastened to the'governor arms. The sleeves 7 may bemoved along theshaft to increase or decrease the tension.

on the springs. Connected to the hub 2 in any suitable manner are theT-irons f2020 upon which the rim of the Wheel 11 is supported. Mountedbetween the rim of the wheel 11 and'the hub 24 are the fan blades orsails 12. Each of these bladesis provided with a pin 13 at the outer endwhich engages with a suitable opening in the periphery of the wheel, inwhich the blade 12 is free to turn. The inner end of the blade isprovided with a square shank 14, which shank is engaged by a squareopening on the blade .6 on the sleeve 5. The shank 14: has a steppedbearing in the shaft 1 as shown at 15 in Fig. 4s. The square shanks 14are twisted so that as the sleeve 5 moves in and out along the shank,the

shank will be rotated by reason of the engagement with the squareopening in the flat blade 6. To insure the rotation of all the partstogether, namely, the hub and the rim of the wheel, etc., the hub isfastened to the shaft by means of the key 2]..

The shaft 1 extends through a suitablesleeve 22 on the inner end ofwhich it is pro vided with a beveled gear 23. At right angles to theshaft 22 extends the vertical shaft 24 m the upper end of which isprovided the beveled gear 25. The gears 23 and 25 are containedin thegear casing 26 which may be divided along any convenient line asindicated at 27 by which the parts may be assembled. On the oppositeside of the gear casing, the bar 28 extends, the bar 28, the gear casing26 and the sleeve 22 forming one complete framework. On the end. of thebar 28 is provided the fork 29 between the arms of which is pivotallymounted the vane 30 of the windmill. Fastened to the vane 30 is thebracket 31, held in place by a brace 32. Mounted on the bar 28 is thecross bar 33 on which suitable pulleys El and 35 are arranged. Fastenedt0 the end of the bracket 81 is the cable or chain 36 which passesaround the pulley and down. Fastened directly to the vane is the cableor chain 36 which passes over the pulley 35 and down. Depending from thebar 28 is the bar 37 on the lower end of which is fastened the lever 38,to which are fastened the chains or cables 36 and 36. By rocking thelever 38, the vane 30 may be swung into or out of line with the bar 28so that it will stand either perpendicular to the windmill or parallelthereto, A link 39 is provided pivotally mounted on the bar 37 by whichthe lever 38 may be fastened in any desired angular position, the lever38 being suitably perforated to receive the upturned end of the link.

The foregoing apparatus is supported on the framework 40 which is builtup preferably of angle iron and may be of any suitable skeletonconstruction. On' the top of this framework is provided the circulartrack ll. hastened to the framework which embodies the sleeve 22, thegear casing 26 and the bar 28, are the brackets on which the rollers 42are mounted to rotate. These rollers are mounted with their axes radialto the center of the gear casing 26, and the parts are arranged so thatthe gear casing 26 and the wind wheel and vane can be rotated around thecenter of the gear casing so as to place the wind wheel with regard tothe.

direction of the wind. In order to hold the parts firmly on the track,the depending guards 4-3 and are fastened which engage the lower side ofthe track all. the wheels l2 engaging the upper side of the track. Theshaft 2e carries on its lower end the bcveled which meshes with asuitable gear l-G by which the power of the windmill is transmitted tothe pulley 4:7, suitably mounted in the pedestals 48 and 49. The 4:5 and46 are inclosed in a gear casing 50 and the shaft is provided with astepped bearing which engages with this casing by winch the shaft 2d isheld in its proper position.

" wind.

The operation of this invention is as follow W the parts are assembledas dcsc fled and mounted in place, it is IO'Z operation. The blades ofthe set at an angle of about fortylive o the center line of the shaft 1,with tie shaft 1 normally pointing into the /l-"hen the wind blows, thereaction of the wind against the blades will cause the wheel to rotate.As the wheel rotates the governor, r/ttates with it, an as the speed ofthe wheel increases there is a tendency for v the balls Ki'to fly out,rocking the governor arms around the centers 16. This causes the innerends of the governor arms to move in toward the shaft and in so movingthey make sliding engagement with the square shanks on the blades. Thesesquare shanks aretwisted. so that as the blade 6 moves inwardly it willcause the blade in engagement therewith to rotate around its verticalaxis and the blade will be moved so that its edge will be presented tothe wind, decreasing the amount of surface of the blade that is exposedto the wind, and consequently ,de-,

described. The wind wheel and its shaft and.

vane will automatically turn itself around the circular track ll so asto keep the wheel pointed in to the wind. When it is not desired to usethe wind wheel, the vane 30 will be placed parallel thereto by thecables and lever above described so as to make the wheel inoperative inwhich case the Wheel willautomatically assume the position in which thewind will blow, perpendicular to the shaft of the wheel rather than inline with the shaft of the wheel.

I claim:

1. l n a Windmill the combination of a shaft, a wheel consisting of arim and hub keyed to si'iid'shaft, blades or sails radially mountedbetween said rim and said hub, shanks having square endsfastened to thelower ends of said lades or sails, said square ends of said shanks beihgslightly twisted, the ends of said shanks being pivotally mounted insuitable recesses in said shaft, a series of levers engaging saidtwisted square ends of said shanks for, the purpose of. adjusting theangle of presentation of said blades or sails.

2. In a wind wheel the combination of a shaft, a rim for said wheel,blades or sails for said wheel radially mounted upon the shaft and therim, each of said blades having a square shank adjacent to the shaft, aseries of lovers pivotally mounted around the shaft, each of whichlevers has a sleeve at one end thereof, each of said slccveshaving apositive engagement with said square shank, and a ball at the oppositeend thereof,

a spring for normally holding each of said levers in toward the shaft,said levers operating upon the rotation of the Wheel to change theirposition by centrifugal force and rotate the sails.

3. In :1 Wind mill the combination of a shaft, bliides pivotally mountedon radial axes around said shaft, said blades being capable ofoscillating on their radial axes, each of said blades having a twistedsquare shank near the inner end thereof, said shank having a pivotalengagement with the shaft and a pivot pin at the outer end thereof, arim supported by said shaft, said pivot pin engaging said rim, meansmoving radially along said square shank to cause the oscillation of saidshanks and the blades attached thereto.

4. In a Wind mill the combination of a shaft, blades pivotally mountedonradial axes around said shaft,-said blades being capable ofoscillating on their radial axes, each of said blades having a twistedsquare shanknear the inner end thereof, said shank having a pivotalengagement with the shaft and a pivot pin at the outer end thereof, arim supported by said shaft, said pivot pin engaging said rim, meansmoving radially along said square shank to cause the oscillation of saidshanks and the blades attached thereto, a governor rotating with saidshaft for shifting said means in proportion to the speed of rotation.

5. In a Wind mill the combination of a shaft, blades pivotally mountedon radial axes around said shaft, said blades being capable ofoscillating on their radial axes, each of said blades having a twistedsquare shank near the inner end thereof, said shank having a pivotalengagement with the shaft and a pivot pin at the outer end thereof, arim supported by said shaft, said pivot pin engaging said rim, meansmoving radially along said square shank to cause the oscillation of saidshanks and the blades attached thereto, a shell keyed to said shaftinclosing said means, a governor mounted on said.

shell to govern the oscillation of said blades. 1

6. In a wind Wheel the combination of a Wheel, blades radially mountedtherein, said blades being capable of oscillating on their longitudinalaxes, each of said blades having a twisted square shank at one endthereof, means moving radially along said shanks to cause theoscillation of said and the blades attached thereto, said meanscomprising a lever pivotally mounted adjacent to said shank, and asleeve engaging with the shank and capable of moving in and out alongthe lever.

In testimony whereof I aifix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

- VERNE 'l. PALMER.

Witnesses:

LENA M. Asa, Euro Iscrnuenn shanks

